At first, these are the perceived challenges that stretch, yet they do not surpass the existing skills of the performer. Csikszentmihalyi notes that in order to enter the state of flow, some conditions must be met. Most respondents cited enjoyment as the reason behind their pursuit of the activity. In order to investigate the nature and conditions of enjoyment, Csikszentmihalyi interviewed dancers, chess players, and rock climbers among others. Csikszentmihalyi and LeFevre referred to flow as an “optimal experience” in the sense that it referred to the psychological state when an individual feels efficient and motivated as well as happy (Engeser 6). an activity that is rewarding of itself despite the extrinsic rewards that might be accrued as a result of the performance. The research and theory of the flow originated from the desire to have an understanding of the phenomenon of being intrinsically motivated and of the “autotelic” activity, i.e. However, not long after finishing the product, all interest in the product is normally lost. He explains that in a state of flow one’s whole being is involved as the individual fully engages his/her skills (Ong & Dulmen 543).įlow, Optimal Experience and Development. While studying the creative process in the 1960s, Csikszentmihalyi observed that when the work of painting was in progress, the artist would single-mindedly persist in the work despite hunger, fatigue, and any discomfort.
At that time, every thought, movement, or action experience an inevitable flow from the previous one in a manner similar to playing jazz. The person’s ego falls away and time flies. He describes flow as a completely focused motivation. It also identifies potential directions of the future research.ĭuring an interview with Wired Magazine, Csikszentmihalyi explains that while somebody is in a state of flow, involvement is set apart for the sake of the activity alone. The paper defines the concept of flow and focuses on the range of research that has been conducted concerning the concept. This research paper examines the concept of “flow” as described by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Such situations are characterized by the feelings of fulfillment, engagement, absorption as well as skills. In a state of flow, individuals enjoy intrinsic motivation. According to him, flow is an optimal state when the individual involved completely concentrates on the activity at hand and forgets about any other matter around him/her. He notes that people are mostly happy they are in a state of flow. Engeser (1) defines flow as the mental state of operation during which an individual is fully absorbed in activity without having reflective self-consciousness, yet having a sound sense of control.
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